Allen J. Bard
Hackerman-Welch Regents Chair in Chemistry and Director of the Center for Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX USA
Why: for the development and application of scanning electrochemical microscopy
Jean M. J. Fréchet
Professor of Chemistry and of Chemical Engineering and Henry Rapoport Chair of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA USA, and Vice President of Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Why: with Donald A. Tomalia and Fritz Vögtle, for the invention and development of dendritic polymers
Martin Karplus
Theodore William Richards Emeritus Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA and Director, Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, ISIS, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France
Why: for pioneering simulations of the molecular dynamics of biomolecules
Donald A. Tomalia
Distinguished Professor and Research Scientist, Department of Chemistry and Director of the National Dendrimer and Nanotechnology Center, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI USA
Why: with Jean M. J. Fréchet and Fritz Vögtle, for the invention and development of dendritic polymers
Fritz Vögtle
Emeritus Professor, Kekulé Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn), Bonn Germany
Why: with Jean M. J. Fréchet and Donald A. Tomalia, for the invention and development of dendritic polymers
Economics
Douglas W. Diamond
Merton H. Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
Why: for his analysis of financial intermediation and monitoring
Jerry A. Hausman
John and Jennie S. MacDonald Professor, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
Why: with Halbert L. White, Jr., for their contributions to econometrics, specifically the Hausman specification test and the White standard errors test
Anne O. Krueger
Professor of International Economics, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC USA
Why: with Gordon Tullock, for their description of rent-seeking behavior and its implications
Gordon Tullock
Professor Emeritus of Law and Economics, George Mason University School of Law, Arlington, VA USA
Why: with Anne O. Krueger, for their description of rent-seeking behavior and its implications
Halbert L. White, Jr.
Chancellor's Associates Distinguished Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
Why: with Jerry A. Hausman, for their contributions to econometrics, specifically the Hausman specification test and the White standard errors test
Medicine
Robert L. Coffman
Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, Dynavax Technologies, Berkeley, CA USA
Why: with Timothy R. Mosmann, for their discovery of two types of T lymphocytes, TH1 and TH2, and their role in regulating host immune response
Brian J. Druker
JELD-WEN Chair of Leukemia Research, and Director, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR USA
Why: with Nicholas B. Lydon and Charles L. Sawyers for their development of imatinib and dasatinib, revolutionary, targeted treatments for chronic myeloid leukemia
Robert S. Langer
David H. Koch Institute Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
Why: with Joseph P. Vacanti, for their pioneering research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Nicholas B. Lydon
Founder, Granite Biopharma, LLC, Jackson Hole, WY USA; Co-founder and Director, AnaptysBio, San Diego, CA USA; and Co-founder and Director, Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, MA USA
Why: with Brian J. Druker and Charles L. Sawyers for their development of imatinib and dasatinib, revolutionary, targeted treatments for chronic myeloid leukemia
Jacques F. A. P. Miller
Emeritus Professor, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
Why: for his discovery of the function of the thymus and the identification of T cells and B cells in mammalian species
Timothy R. Mosmann
Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Michael and Angela Pichichero Director in the David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
Why: with Robert L. Coffman, for their discovery of two types of T lymphocytes, TH1 and TH2, and their role in regulating host immune response
Charles L. Sawyers
Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Chair in Human Oncology and Pathogenesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA. Also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator
Why: with Brian J. Druker and Nicholas B. Lydon Charles L. Sawyers for their development of imatinib and dasatinib, revolutionary, targeted treatments for chronic myeloid leukemia
Joseph P. Vacanti
John Homans Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Surgeon-in-Chief and Chief of the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Director of the Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
Why: with Robert S. Langer, for their pioneering research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Physics
Alain Aspect
CNRS Distinguished Scientist and Head of the Atom Optics Group, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique, Palaiseau France
Why: with John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger, for their tests of Bell’s inequalities and research on quantum entanglement
John F. Clauser
Research Physicist, J.F. Clauser & Associates, Walnut Creek, CA USA
Why: with Alain Aspect and Anton Zeilinger, for their tests of Bell’s inequalities and research on quantum entanglement
Sajeev John
University Professor of Physics and Canada Research Chair, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
Why: with Eli Yablonovitch, for their invention and development of photonic band gap materials
Hideo Ohno
Professor of the Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, and Director of the Center for Spintronics Integrated Systems, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan
Why: for contributions to ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors
Eli Yablonovitch
Professor and James and Katherine Lau Chair in Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
Why: with Sajeev John, for their invention and development of photonic band gap materials
Anton Zeilinger
Full Professor of Experimental Physics, University of Vienna, and Scientific Director, Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Austria
Why: with Alain Aspect and John F. Clauser, for their tests of Bell’s inequalities and research on quantum entanglement
